Law of conservation of energy states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed. However,
its form can be converted i.e., energy can be converted from one form of energy to another e.g.
Electromechanical energy conversion, Electro-chemical energy conversion, MHD energy
conversion, photoelectric energy conversion etc. In all these cases the function of each of these sources of electric energy is the same in terms of energy and charge i.e., the energy is spent as work for transporting charge from one point to another in a circuit. Themovement of charges contribute to current and the amount of work done per unit charge is the potential difference between the two points. The electronic charges flow from a lower potential to a higher potential
and these contribute to electronic current, whereas the conventional current is considered to
flow from higher potential to lower potential.
✓ If a differential charge dq is given a differential energy dw, the rise in potential of the
charge
v = dw/dq
The units of potential or potential difference as derived from equation are joule/coulomb
Or Watt sec/Amp. sec Or Watt/Amp and usually is termed as volts.
We have defined electric potential in terms of electronic charge flow.
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